Home Skin Care Skin infections Cradle Cap (Seborrheic Dermatitis) in Infants: Causes & Symptoms

Cradle Cap (Seborrheic Dermatitis) in Infants: Causes & Symptoms

By Skin & Hair Academy
October 11, 2023

Table of Contents

Welcoming a newborn into the world is a joyous occasion, but it also brings about new challenges, including common infant skin conditions like cradle cap. Also known as seborrheic dermatitis, cradle cap in infants is a harmless yet sometimes unsightly issue.

In this article, we will assist you by providing you with the information you require to preserve your baby’s skin as smooth as its entrance into the world!

What is a cradle cap?

Cradle cap meaning seborrheic dermatitis is a common skin condition that primarily affects infants, though it can occasionally occur in older children and adults as well. It typically presents as yellowish or brownish, greasy, and scaly patches on the baby’s scalp. While the name “cradle cap” may sound alarming, it’s essential to know that this condition is neither painful nor contagious.

Causes of cradle cap (Seborrheic Dermatitis)

The exact cause of cradle cap is not fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute to its development:

Overactive Sebaceous Glands: One prevailing theory is that the cradle cap in infants is linked to the baby’s overactive sebaceous (oil-producing) glands. These glands may produce excess oil, leading to the accumulation of skin cells and the formation of scales.
Yeast Overgrowth: Another hypothesis suggests that an overgrowth of yeast, specifically Malassezia species, on the baby’s scalp, could play a role in the cradle cap. This yeast is naturally present on the skin and may thrive in some infants.
Hormonal Changes: Hormones passed from the mother to the baby during pregnancy may stimulate the baby’s oil glands, contributing to the development of a cradle cap.

Signs & Symptoms of Cradle Cap

A cradle cap is typically characterised by the following signs and symptoms:

Greasy or Oily Patches: A cradle cap often begins with the appearance of greasy or oily patches on the baby’s scalp. These patches can vary in size and are typically covered with scales. The scales are often yellowish or brownish in colour and may have a somewhat waxy or sticky texture.
Scaling and Flaking: Over time, the greasy patches can give rise to thick, scaly patches. These scales can become more prominent and noticeable as the condition progresses. The scales are often adhered to the scalp but may sometimes be loose enough to be peeled off gently.
Redness and Irritation: While the cradle cap primarily manifests as greasy, scaly patches, in some cases, the affected areas may appear red or mildly irritated. However, it’s essential to monitor any redness or irritation, as excessive scratching or rubbing by the baby may exacerbate these symptoms or even lead to secondary skin infections.
Minimal Discomfort: One hallmark of cradle cap is that it is generally not itchy or painful for infants. Unlike conditions like eczema, which can be associated with itching and discomfort, cradle cap typically does not cause these sensations. Infants with cradle caps are usually not bothered by the condition, which can be reassuring for parents.

Diagnosis for cradle cap

Cradle cap is typically easy to diagnose and is frequently determined by the condition’s distinctive appearance. Usually, it can be found by medical professionals during a physical checkup. A skin biopsy can be carried out in some situations, especially if the diagnosis is unclear or the illness does not improve with conventional treatments.

Treatment for cradle cap

Cradle cap often resolves on its own within a few months or the first year of the child’s life. However, if you wish to expedite the process or if the condition is particularly bothersome, several treatment options are available:

Gentle Scalp Massage: Gently massaging the baby’s scalp with mineral oil or baby oil can help soften the scales, making them easier to remove.
Baby Shampoo: Using a mild baby shampoo, wash the baby’s hair regularly. Gently brushing the hair with a soft brush after shampooing can help loosen scales.
Anti-Dandruff Shampoo: In some cases, healthcare providers may recommend an over-the-counter or prescription-strength anti-dandruff shampoo containing ingredients like selenium sulphide, ketoconazole, or salicylic acid.
Avoid Scratching: Ensure that the baby does not scratch or pick at the affected areas, as this can worsen the condition or cause secondary infections.
Maintain Good Hygiene: Keeping the baby’s scalp clean and dry is essential. Avoid the use of harsh or scented soaps that could further irritate the skin.

Summing Up

Cradle cap, or seborrheic dermatitis in infants, is a common and generally harmless skin condition that often resolves on its own. It’s important to remember that caring for a baby involves various aspects, and their sensitive skin deserves special attention. In addition to cradle caps, parents can also encounter other skin-related concerns, especially as the seasons change. For expert guidance on topics like baby skin care tips for winter, a guide on how to choose the right baby skin care products, or treating diaper rash, consulting a dermatologist can be invaluable.

If you ever need expert information on these or any other baby skincare concerns, consider visiting the Skin and Hair Academy’s Find a Dermat page. Your baby’s comfort and well-being are paramount, and a dermatologist can offer specialised insights to ensure your little one thrives.

Faqs on Cradle Cap (Seborrheic Dermatitis)

1) Is cradle cap a fungus?

Cradle cap is not caused by a fungus but is believed to be related to factors such as overactive sebaceous glands and excess yeast.

2) What is the main cause of cradle caps?

The exact cause of cradle cap is not fully understood, but it may be linked to overactive oil glands, yeast overgrowth, and hormonal changes.

3) How do you get rid of the cradle cap?

Cradle cap can be managed by gentle scalp massage, using mild baby shampoo, and practising good hygiene. In some cases, your doctor can recommend medicated shampoos.